@article { ISI:000319344100038,
	title = {Annually Resolved Ice Core Records of Tropical Climate Variability over the Past similar to 1800 Years},
	journal = {SCIENCE},
	volume = {340},
	number = {{6135}},
	year = {2013},
	month = {MAY 24},
	pages = {945-950},
	type = {Article},
	abstract = {Ice cores from low Latitudes can provide a wealth of unique information about past climate in the tropics, but they are difficult to recover and few exist. Here, we report annually resolved ice core records from the Quelccaya ice cap (5670 meters above sea level) in Peru that extend back similar to 1800 years and provide a high-resolution record of climate variability there. Oxygen isotopic ratios (delta O-18) are linked to sea surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific, whereas concentrations of ammonium and nitrate document the dominant role played by the migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in the region of the tropical Andes. Quetccaya continues to retreat and thin. Radiocarbon dates on wetland plants exposed along its retreating margins indicate that it has not been smaller for at least six millennia.},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1234210},
	author = {Thompson, L. G. and Mosley-Thompson, E. and Davis, M. E. and Zagorodnov, V. S. and Howat, I. M. and Mikhatenko, V. N. and Lin, P. -N.}
}
@article {709,
	title = {Abrupt tropical climate change: past and present},
	journal = {Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A},
	volume = {103},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Thompson, Lonnie GMosley-Thompson, EllenBrecher, HenryDavis, MaryLeon, BlancaLes, DonLin, Ping-NanMashiotta, TracyMountain, KeithengResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}tResearch Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.2006/07/04 09:00Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jul 11;103(28):10536-43. Epub 2006 Jun 30.},
	month = {Jul 11},
	pages = {10536-43},
	abstract = {Three lines of evidence for abrupt tropical climate change, both past and present, are presented. First, annually and decadally averaged delta(18)O and net mass-balance histories for the last 400 and 2,000 yr, respectively, demonstrate that the current warming at high elevations in the mid- to low latitudes is unprecedented for at least the last 2 millennia. Second, the continuing retreat of most mid- to low-latitude glaciers, many having persisted for thousands of years, signals a recent and abrupt change in the Earth{\textquoteright}s climate system. Finally, rooted, soft-bodied wetland plants, now exposed along the margins as the Quelccaya ice cap (Peru) retreats, have been radiocarbon dated and, when coupled with other widespread proxy evidence, provide strong evidence for an abrupt mid-Holocene climate event that marked the transition from early Holocene (pre-5,000-yr-B.P.) conditions to cooler, late Holocene (post-5,000-yr-B.P.) conditions. This abrupt event, approximately 5,200 yr ago, was widespread and spatially coherent through much of the tropics and was coincident with structural changes in several civilizations. These three lines of evidence argue that the present warming and associated glacier retreat are unprecedented in some areas for at least 5,200 yr. The ongoing global-scale, rapid retreat of mountain glaciers is not only contributing to global sea-level rise but also threatening freshwater supplies in many of the world{\textquoteright}s most populous regions.},
	issn = {0027-8424 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.0603900103},
	author = {Thompson, L. G. and Mosley-Thompson, E. and Brecher, H. and Davis, M. and Leon, B. and Les, D. and Lin, P. N. and Mashiotta, T. and Mountain, K.}
}
@article {701,
	title = {Kilimanjaro ice core records: evidence of holocene climate change in tropical Africa},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {298},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Thompson, Lonnie GMosley-Thompson, EllenDavis, Mary EHenderson, Keith ABrecher, Henry HZagorodnov, Victor SMashiotta, Tracy ALin, Ping-NanMikhalenko, Vladimir NHardy, Douglas RBeer, Jurgeng2002/10/19 04:00Science. 2002 Oct 18;298(5593):589-93.},
	month = {Oct 18},
	pages = {589-93},
	abstract = {Six ice cores from Kilimanjaro provide an approximately 11.7-thousand-year record of Holocene climate and environmental variability for eastern equatorial Africa, including three periods of abrupt climate change: approximately 8.3, approximately 5.2, and approximately 4 thousand years ago (ka). The latter is coincident with the "First Dark Age," the period of the greatest historically recorded drought in tropical Africa. Variable deposition of F- and Na+ during the African Humid Period suggests rapidly fluctuating lake levels between approximately 11.7 and 4 ka. Over the 20th century, the areal extent of Kilimanjaro{\textquoteright}s ice fields has decreased approximately 80\%, and if current climatological conditions persist, the remaining ice fields are likely to disappear between 2015 and 2020.},
	issn = {0036-8075 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1073198},
	author = {Thompson, L. G. and Mosley-Thompson, E. and Davis, M. E. and Henderson, K. A. and Brecher, H. H. and Zagorodnov, V. S. and Mashiotta, T. A. and Lin, P. N. and Mikhalenko, V. N. and Hardy, D. R. and Beer, J.}
}
@article {769,
	title = {Hypothesized climate forcing time series for the last 500 years},
	journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres},
	volume = {106},
	year = {2001},
	note = {456yeTimes Cited:108Cited References Count:89},
	month = {Jul 27},
	pages = {14783-14803},
	abstract = {A new compilation of annually resolved time series of atmospheric trace gas concentrations, solar irradiance, tropospheric aerosol optical depth, and stratospheric (volcanic) aerosol optical depth is presented for use in climate modeling studies of the period 1500 to 1999 A.D. Atmospheric CO2 CH4, and N2O concentrations over this period are well established on the basis of fossil air trapped in ice cores and instrumental measurements over the last few decades. Estimates of solar irradiance, ranging between 1364.2 and 1368.2 W/m(2), are presented using calibrated historical observations of the Sun back to 1610, along with cosmogenic isotope variations extending back to 1500. Tropospheric aerosol distributions are calculated by scaling the modern distribution of sulfate and carbonaceous aerosol optical depths back to 1860 using reconstructed regional CO2 emissions; prior to 1860 the anthropogenic tropospheric aerosol optical depths are assumed to be zero. Finally, the first continuous, annually dated record of zonally averaged stratospheric (volcanic) optical depths back to 1500 is constructed using sulfate flux data from multiple ice cores from both Greenland and Antarctica, in conjunction with historical and instrumental (satellite and pyrheliometric) observations. The climate forcings generated here are currently being used as input to a suite of transient (time dependent) paleoclimate model simulations of the past 500 years. These forcings are also available for comparison with instrumental and proxy paleoclimate data of the same period.},
	issn = {0747-7309},
	doi = {10.1029/2000jd900469},
	author = {Robertson, A. and Overpeck, J. and Rind, D. and Mosley-Thompson, E. and Zielinski, G. and Lean, J. and Koch, D. and Penner, J. and Tegen, I. and Healy, R.}
}
@article {2165,
	title = {Ice Core Paleoclimate Records in Tropical South America Since the Last Glacial Maximum},
	journal = {Journal of Quaternary Science},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 245},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {377-394},
	author = {Thompson, L. G. and Mosley-Thompson, E. and Henderson, K. A.}
}
@article {2251,
	title = {A 25,000-year tropical climate history from bolivian ice cores},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {282},
	year = {1998},
	note = {ThompsonDavis
Mosley-Thompson
Sowers
Henderson
Zagorodnov
Lin
Mikhalenko
Campen
Bolzan
Cole-Dai
Francou
eng
1998/12/04 03:02
Science. 1998 Dec 4;282(5395):1858-64.
},
	month = {Dec 04},
	pages = {1858-64},
	abstract = {Ice cores that were recovered from the summit of Sajama mountain in Bolivia provide carbon-14-dated tropical records and extend to the Late Glacial Stage (LGS). Oxygen isotopic ratios of the ice decreased 5.4 per mil between the early Holocene and the Last Glacial Maximum, which is consistent with values from other ice cores. The abrupt onset and termination of a Younger Dryas-type event suggest atmospheric processes as the probable drivers. Regional accumulation increased during the LGS, during deglaciation, and over the past 3000 years, which is concurrent with higher water levels in regional paleolakes. Unlike polar cores, Sajama glacial ice contains eight times less dust than the Holocene ice, which reflects wetter conditions and extensive snow cover.},
	isbn = {1095-9203 (Electronic)0036-8075 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1126/science.282.5395.1858},
	url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9836630},
	author = {Thompson, L. G. and Davis, M. E. and Mosley-Thompson, E. and Sowers, T. A. and Henderson, K. A. and Zagorodnov, V. S. and Lin, P. and Mikhalenko, V. N. and Campen, R. K. and Bolzan, J. F. and Cole-Dai, J. and Francou, B.}
}
