@article {223,
	title = {Precipitation as the main driver of Neoglacial fluctuations of Gualas glacier, Northern Patagonian Icefield},
	journal = {Climate of the Past},
	year = {2011},
	note = {id: 2119},
	abstract = {Glaciers are frequently used as indicators of climate change. However, the link between past glacier fluctuations and climate variability is still highly debated. Here, we investigate the mid- to late-Holocene fluctuations of Gualas Glacier, one of the northernmost outlet glaciers of the Northern Patagonian Icefield, using a multi-proxy sedimentological and geochemical analysis of a 15 m long fjord sediment core from Golfo Elefantes, Chile, and historical documents from early Spanish explorers. Our results show that the core can be sub-divided in three main lithological units that were deposited under very different hydrodynamic conditions. Between 5400 and 4180 cal yr BP and after 750 cal yr BP, sedimentation in Golfo Elefantes was characterized by the rapid deposition of fine silt, most likely transported by fluvio-glacial processes. By contrast, the sediment deposited between 4130 and 850 cal yr BP is composed of poorly sorted sand that is free of shells. This interval is particularly marked by high magnetic susceptibility values and Zr concentrations, and likely reflects a major advance of Gualas glacier towards Golfo Elefantes during the Neoglaciation. Several thin silt layers observed in the upper part of the core are interpreted as secondary fluctuations of Gualas glacier during the Little Ice Age, in agreement with historical and dendrochronological data. Our interpretation of the Golfo Elefantes glaciomarine sediment record in terms of fluctuations of Gualas glacier is in excellent agreement with the glacier chronology proposed for the Southern Patagonian Icefield, which is based on terrestrial (moraine) deposits. By comparing our results with independent proxy records of precipitation and sea surface temperature, we demonstrate that the fluctuations of Gualas glacier during the last 5400 yr were mainly driven by changes in precipitation in the Andes.},
	doi = {10.5194/cpd-7-2937-2011},
	author = {Bertrand, S. and Hughen, K. A. and Lamy, F. and Stuut, J. B. W. and Torrejon, F. and Lange, C. B.}
}
@article {1846,
	title = {Intcal09 and Marine09 Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curves, 0-50,000 Years Cal Bp Rid F-4952-2011 Rid B-7298-2008},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {51},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1983; PT: J; UT: WOS:000274407500002},
	month = {2009},
	pages = {1111-1150},
	abstract = {The IntCal04 and Marine04 radiocarbon calibration curves have been updated from 12 cal kBP (cal kBP is here defined as thousands of calibrated years before AD 1950), and extended to 50 cal kBP, utilizing newly available data sets that meet the IntCal Working Group criteria for pristine corals and other carbonates and for quantification of uncertainty in both the (14)C and calendar timescales as established in 2002. No change was made to the curves from 0-12 cal kBP. The curves were constructed using a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) implementation of the random walk model used for IntCal04 and Marine04. The new curves were ratified at the 20th International Radiocarbon Conference in June 2009 and; ire available in the Supplemental Material at www.radiocarbon.org.},
	isbn = {0033-8222},
	author = {Reimer, P. J. and Baillie, M. G. L. and Bard, E. and Bayliss, A. and Beck, J. W. and Blackwell, P. G. and Ramsey, C. Bronk and Buck, C. E. and Burr, G. S. and Edwards, R. L. and Friedrich, M. and Grootes, P. M. and Guilderson, T. P. and Hajdas, I. and Heaton, T. J. and Hogg, A. G. and Hughen, K. A. and Kaiser, K. F. and Kromer, B. and McCormac, F. G. and Manning, S. W. and Reimer, R. W. and Richards, D. A. and Southon, J. R. and Talamo, S. and Turney, C. S. M. and van der Plicht, J. and Weyhenmeye, C. E.}
}
@article {417,
	title = {Late Holocene sea-surface temperature and precipitation variability in northern Patagonia, Chile (Jacaf Fjord, 44 degrees S)},
	journal = {Quaternary Research},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2009},
	note = {id: 1858; 512MQ Times Cited:0 Cited References Count:53Y},
	pages = {400-409},
	abstract = {A high-resolution multi-proxy study including the elemental and isotopic composition of bulk organic matter, land plant-derived biomarkers, and alkenone-based sea-surface temperature (SST) from a marine sedimentary record obtained from the Jacaf Fjord in northern Chilean Patagonia (similar to 44 degrees 20{\textquoteright}S) provided a detailed reconstruction of continental runoff, precipitation, and summer SST spanning the last 1750 yr We observed two different regimes of climate variability in our record a relatively dry/warm period before 900 cal yr BP (lower runoff and average SST 1 degrees C warmer than present day) and a wet/cold period after 750 cal yr BP (higher runoff and average SST 1 degrees C colder than present clay). Relatively colder SSTs were found during 750-600 and 450-250 cal yr BP, where the latter period roughly corresponds to the interval defined for the Little Ice Age (LIA) Similar climatic swings have been observed previously in continental and marine archives of the last two millennia from central and southern Chile, suggesting a strong latitudinal sensitivity to changes in the Southern Westerly Winds, the main Source Of precipitation in southern Chile, and validating the regional nature of the LIA Our results reveal the importance of the Chilean fjord system for recording climate changes of regional and global significance (C) 2009 University of Washington Published by Elsevier Inc All rights reserved.},
	issn = {0033-5894},
	doi = {10.1016/j.yqres.2009.06.010},
	author = {Sepulveda, J. and Pantoja, S. and Hughen, K. A. and Bertrand, S. and Figueroa, D. and Leon, T. and Drenzek, N. J. and Lange, C.}
}
@article {372,
	title = {Placing late Neanderthals in a climatic context RID A-5197-2008},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {449},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 1991; PT: J; UT: WOS:000249394500047},
	pages = {206-208},
	abstract = {Attempts to place Palaeolithic finds within a precise climatic framework are complicated by both uncertainty over the radiocarbon calibration beyond about 21,500 (14)C years BP(1) and the absence of a master calendar chronology for climate events from reference archives such as Greenland ice cores or speleothems(2). Here we present an alternative approach, in which (14)C dates of interest are mapped directly onto the palaeoclimate record of the Cariaco Basin by means of its (14)C series(3), circumventing calendar age model and correlation uncertainties, and placing dated events in the millennial-scale climate context of the last glacial period. This is applied to different sets of dates from levels with Mousterian artefacts, presumably produced by late Neanderthals, from Gorham{\textquoteright}s Cave in Gibraltar: first, generally accepted estimates of about 32,000 (14)C years BP for the upper-most Mousterian levels(4,5); second, a possible extended Middle Palaeolithic occupation until about 28,000 (14)C years BP(6); and third, more contentious evidence for persistence until about 24,000 (14)C years BP(6). This study shows that the three sets translate to different scenarios on the role of climate in Neanderthal extinction. The first two correspond to intervals of general climatic instability between stadials and interstadials that characterized most of the Middle Pleniglacial and are not coeval with Heinrich Events. In contrast, if accepted, the youngest date indicates that late Neanderthals may have persisted up to the onset of a major environmental shift, which included an expansion in global ice volume and an increased latitudinal temperature gradient. More generally, our radiocarbon climatostratigraphic approach can be applied to any {\textquoteright}snapshot{\textquoteright} date from discontinuous records in a variety of deposits and can become a powerful tool in evaluating the climatic signature of critical intervals in Late Pleistocene human evolution.},
	issn = {0028-0836},
	doi = {10.1038/nature06117},
	author = {Tzedakis, P. C. and Hughen, K. A. and Cacho, I. and Harvati, K.}
}
@inbook {1421,
	title = {Radiocarbon dating of deep-sea sediments},
	booktitle = {Paleoceanography of the Late Cenozoic},
	volume = {1: Methods},
	year = {2007},
	note = {id: 552},
	month = {2007},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	organization = {Elsevier},
	author = {Hughen, K. A.},
	editor = {Hillaire-Marcel, Claude}
}
@conference {1549,
	title = {Abrupt vegetation changes in tropical South America over the last 120,000 years},
	booktitle = {EOS Abstracts, 2006 Ocean Sciences Meeting},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1078},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Honolulu, HI},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Drenzek, N. and Bice, M. and Eglinton, T. I.}
}
@conference {1588,
	title = {The Chilean Fjords},
	booktitle = {Abstracts, EGU General Assembly},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 561},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Vienna, Austria},
	author = {Lange, C. B. and Pantoja, S. and Sepulveda, J. and Rebolledo, L. and Smith-Wellner, J. and Anderson, J. B. and Hughen, K. A.}
}
@article {1945,
	title = {Cosmogenic isotope 14C: production and carbon cycle},
	journal = {PAGES Newsletter},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1075},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {6-7},
	author = {Hughen, K. A.}
}
@article {1928,
	title = {IntCal04 Update: The future of radiocarbon calibration},
	journal = {PAGES Newsletter},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 557},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {9-10},
	author = {Reimer, P. and Hughen, K. A.}
}
@conference {1665,
	title = {Late Holocene climate variability of South America reconstructed by a multi-proxy analysis of Chilean fjord sediments},
	booktitle = {Abstracts, EGU General Assembly},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 560},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Vienna, Austria},
	author = {Bertrand, S. and Hughen, K. A. and Giosan, L. and Tierney, J. and Sepfulveda, J. and Pantoja, S.}
}
@conference {1680,
	title = {Marine 14C calibration and activity record for the past 50,000 years from the Cariaco Basin, Abstract},
	booktitle = {Eos Trans AGU 87, Fall Meeting Supple.},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1076},
	month = {2006},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Southon, J. and Lehman, S. J. and Jenkins, W.}
}
@conference {1681,
	title = {Marine 14C data sets: contributions to calibration and Earth Systems research, Abstract},
	booktitle = {19th International Radiocarbon Conference},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 1077},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Oxford, UK},
	author = {Hughen, K. A.}
}
@article {1944,
	title = {Marine-derived 14C calibration and activity record for the past 50,000 years updated from the Cariaco Basin},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {25},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 553},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {3216-3227},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Southon, J. A. and Lehman, S. J. and Bertrand, C. J. H. and Turnbull, J.}
}
@conference {1816,
	title = {An updated 14C calibration and activity record for the past 50,000 years from marine Cariaco Basin, Abstract},
	booktitle = {19th International Radiocarbon Conference},
	year = {2006},
	note = {id: 559},
	month = {2006},
	address = {Oxford, UK},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Southon, J. A. and Lehman, S. J. and Bertrand, C. J. H. and Turnbull, J.}
}
@article {1986,
	title = {High-resolution historical records from Pettaquamscutt River basin sediments; 2. Chronology and record of 137Cs released by the Chernobyl accident},
	journal = {Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta},
	volume = {69},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 555},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {1803-1812},
	author = {Lima, A. L. and Hubeny, J. B. and Reddy, C. M. and King, J. W. and Hughen, K. A. and Eglinton, T. I.}
}
@conference {1693,
	title = {Millennial scale variability in tropical South American vegetation during the last glaciation},
	booktitle = {Eos Trans. AGU, 86(52), Fall Meeting Suppl.},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 563},
	month = {2005},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Drenzek, N. and Bice, M. and Eglinton, T. I.}
}
@article {1978,
	title = {Radiocarbon dating of alkenones from marine sediments-III. Influence of solvent extractions procedures on 14C measurements of foraminifera},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {47},
	year = {2005},
	note = {id: 554},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {425-432},
	author = {Ohkouchi, N. and Eglinton, T. I. and Hughen, K. A. and Roosen, E. and Keigwin, L.}
}
@article {698,
	title = {Abrupt tropical vegetation response to rapid climate changes},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {304},
	year = {2004},
	note = {Hughen, Konrad AEglinton, Timothy IXu, LiMakou, MatthewengResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t2004/05/25 05:00Science. 2004 Jun 25;304(5679):1955-9. Epub 2004 May 20.},
	month = {Jun 25},
	pages = {1955-9},
	abstract = {Identifying leads and lags between high- and low-latitude abrupt climate shifts is needed to understand where and how such events were triggered. Vascular plant biomarkers preserved in Cariaco basin sediments reveal rapid vegetation changes in northern South America during the last deglaciation, 15,000 to 10,000 years ago. Comparing the biomarker records to climate proxies from the same sediment core provides a precise measure of the relative timing of changes in different regions. Abrupt deglacial climate shifts in tropical and high-latitude North Atlantic regions were synchronous, whereas changes in tropical vegetation consistently lagged climate shifts by several decades.},
	issn = {0036-8075 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1126/science.1092995},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Eglinton, T. I. and Xu, L. and Makou, M.}
}
@article {2014,
	title = {NotCal04-Comparison/Calibration 14 C records 26-50 cal kBP},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {46},
	year = {2004},
	note = {id: 399},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {1225{\textendash}1238},
	author = {van der Plicht, J. and Beck, J. W. and Bard, E. and Baillie, M. G. L. and Blackwell, P. G. and Buck, C. E. and Friedrich, M. and Guilderson, T. P. and Hughen, K. A. and Kromer, B.}
}
@conference {1544,
	title = {14C activity and global carbon cycle changes over the past 50,000 years},
	booktitle = {Abstracts, 18th International Radiocarbon Conf.},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 1079},
	month = {2003},
	address = {Wellington, NZ},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Lehman, S. J. and Southon, J. and Overpeck, J. T. and Marchal, O. and Herring, C. and Turnbull, J.}
}
@article {2078,
	title = {Climate and the collapse of Mayan civilization},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {299},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 556},
	month = {2003},
	pages = {1731-1735},
	author = {Haug, G. H. and Gunther, D. and Peterson, L. C. and Sigman, D. M. and Hughen, K. A.}
}
@conference {1592,
	title = {COMPARE04-Comparison/calibration of 14C records 26-50 ka},
	booktitle = {Abstracts, 18th International Radiocarbon Conf.},
	year = {2003},
	note = {id: 564},
	month = {2003},
	address = {Wellington, NZ},
	author = {van der Plicht, J. and Hughen, K. A. and Guilderson, T. P. and Reimer, P.}
}
@conference {1682,
	title = {A marine record of Holocene climate events in tropical South America, abstract},
	booktitle = {Eos Trans. AGU 83, Fall Meeting Suppl},
	year = {2002},
	note = {id: 1080},
	month = {2002},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Haug, G. H. and Gunther, D. and Hughen, K. A. and Peterson, L. C. and Rohl, U.}
}
@article {2144,
	title = {A marine record of holocene climate events in tropical South America},
	journal = {Science},
	volume = {293},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1466},
	month = {2001},
	pages = {1304-1308},
	author = {Haug, G. H. and Hughen, K. A. and Sigman, D. M. and Peterson, L. C. and Rohl, U.}
}
@conference {1735,
	title = {Paleoclimate through the ages from the Cariaco Basin, Abstract},
	booktitle = {American Geophysical Union},
	year = {2001},
	note = {id: 1467},
	month = {2001},
	address = {Boston, MA},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Peterson, L. C. and Black, D. and Haug, G. and Poore, R.}
}
@conference {1763,
	title = {Radiocarbon calibration and abruptchanges in atmospheric 14Cconcentration during Marine Isotope Stage 3},
	booktitle = {American Geophysical Union},
	year = {2000},
	note = {id: 327},
	month = {2000},
	address = {San Francisco, CA},
	author = {Hughen, K. A. and Southon, J. and Lehman, S. J. and Peterson, L. C. and Overpeck, J. T.}
}
