@article {2893,
	title = {Response of shallow-sea benthic foraminifera to environmental changes off the coast of Goa, eastern Arabian Sea, during the last \~{}6100 cal yr BPAbstract},
	journal = {Geological Magazine},
	volume = {157},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Jan-03-2020},
	pages = {497 - 505},
	abstract = {We have analysed a 6100-year record of benthic and planktonic foraminifera from inner neritic sediments from Core SK291/GC13, off the Goa coast, eastern Arabian Sea, to understand the response of benthic foraminifera to shallow-marine processes. The benthic foraminiferal assemblage is dominated by Nonion cf. asterizans, Ammonia beccarii, A. gaimardii and Virgulinella fragilis, which have been selected on the basis of a population of 10\% or more in any three samples analysed. The planktonic foraminiferal population is sporadic and rare, with Globigerinoides ruber as the predominant species showing a variable trend. The foraminiferal proxies combined with total organic carbon (wt\%) and δ13C and δ18O values of Ammonia gaimardii suggest distinct variations, indicating changes in productivity and salinity in the shallow eastern Arabian Sea. The coastal waters off Goa were relatively warmer and less saline between 6100 and 4600, or perhaps to 4200, calibrated years before the present (cal yr BP), corresponding to a stronger monsoon in South and East Asia. The shallow sea was cooler from ~4200 to 2600 cal yr BP in the study area, coinciding with a lower sea surface temperature in the northeastern Arabian Sea and an arid phase in the Indian subcontinent. From 2900 to 2600 cal yr BP the study core exhibits the impacts of short-term cold events, which have earlier been observed in the northeastern Arabian Sea, off Pakistan. During the Little Ice Age, the shallow sea off Goa was less productive.},
	keywords = {arabian sea, benthic foraminifera, Indian monsoon, Stable isotopes, western continental margin of India},
	issn = {0016-7568},
	doi = {10.1017/S0016756819000979},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0016756819000979/type/journal_article},
	author = {Saravanan, Ponnusamy and Gupta, Anil K. and Zheng, Hongbo and Panigrahi, Mruganka K. and Tiwari, Sameer K. and Rai, Santosh K. and Prakasam, Muthusamy}
}
@article {2613,
	title = {Dimensions of Radiocarbon Variability within Sedimentary Organic MatterABSTRACT},
	journal = {Radiocarbon},
	volume = {60},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-06-2018},
	pages = {775 - 790},
	abstract = {Organic carbon (OC) radiocarbon (14C) signatures in marine surface sediments are highly variable and the
causes of this heterogeneity remain ambiguous. Here, we present results from a detailed 14C-based investigation of an Arabian Sea sediment, including measurements on organic matter (OM) in bulk sediment, specific grain size fractions, and OC decomposition products from ramped-pyrolysis-oxidation (RPO). Our results show that 14C ages of OM increase with increasing grain size, suggesting that grain size is an important factor controlling the 14C heterogeneity in marine sediments. Analysis of RPO decomposition products from different grain size fractions reveals an overall increase in age of corresponding thermal fractions from finer to coarser fractions. We suggest that hydrodynamic properties of sediment grains exert the important control on the 14C age distribution of OM among grain size fractions. We propose a conceptual model to account for this dimensionality in 14C variability that invokes two predominant modes of OM preservation within different grain size fractions of Arabian Sea sediment: finer (<63 μm) fractions are influenced by OM-mineral grain aggregation processes, giving rise to relatively uniform 14C ages, whereas OM preserved in coarser (>63 μm) fractions includes materials encapsulated within microfossils and/or entrained fossil (14C-depleted) OC hosted in detrital mineral grains. Our findings highlight the value of RPO for assessment of 14C age variability in sedimentary OC, and for assessing mechanisms of OM preservation in aquatic sediments.},
	keywords = {arabian sea, grain size, hydrodynamic processes, organicmatter, radiocarbon, ramped pyrolysis-oxidation},
	issn = {0033-8222},
	doi = {10.1017/RDC.2018.22},
	url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/radiocarbon/article/dimensions-of-radiocarbon-variability-within-sedimentary-organic-matter/A81022494F34D8C3B88D39A43112BB08},
	author = {Bao, Rui and McNichol, Ann P and McIntyre, Cameron P and Xu, Li and Eglinton, Timothy I}
}
@article {2627,
	title = {Late Pleistocene to Holocene productivity changes in the western equatorial Pacific (Sulu Sea, Philippines) from calcareous nannofossils},
	journal = {Marine Micropaleontology},
	volume = {143},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-09-2018},
	pages = {1 - 11},
	abstract = {We present a new calcareous nannofossil paleoproductivity reconstruction of the southeastern margin of the Sulu Sea to understand how marine productivity varied through time in one of the major fishing grounds of the Philippine archipelago. The study is based on two sediment cores obtained from two different hydrographic locations in the western equatorial Pacific region: an upwelling region off Zamboanga Peninsula (U-GC12) and a non-upwelling area off Panay Island (NU-GC14), covering the past 18,000 years before present (B.P.). Calcareous nannofossil assemblages in the investigated areas were of low diversity and largely dominated by Gephyrocapsa oceanica and Florisphaera profwida, followed by small placolith-bearing taxa, Emiliania hwcleyi, small Gephyrocapsa, and Reticulofenestra minuta. Upwelling episodes off the Zamboanga Peninsula were recorded several times in the past as shown by an increase in the abundance of high productivity indicator species (G. oceanica, small Gephyrocapsa, E. hwcleyi) and of bulk sediment CaCO3 (\%), and a concomitant decline in the total organic carbon (TOC; \%). The high abundance of low surface water productivity species F. profunda and Umbellosphaera irregularis indicates a stratified water column with a deeper nutricline, probably caused by the reduced upwelling intensity. This condition was corroborated by the decrease in CaCO3 (\%) and an increase in TOC (\%). We propose that the modern day high productivity conditions off Zamboanga Peninsula started at 2500 years B.P., whereas the low productivity off Panay Island was recorded from 4000 years B.P., and persists to the present day. Evidence of the Younger Dryas (YD) event was recorded from 11,100 to 10,400 years B.P. in UGC12, synchronous to the YD event reported from other areas in the Northern Hemisphere, and in accordance with the timing in the Sulu Sea as reported from previous studies in this region. This event in the Sulu Sea is characterized by a decrease in total nannofossil abundance and estimated primary productivity, together with an increase in CaCO3 (\%) and a decrease in TOC (\%). We interpreted that dilution caused by the increase in precipitation experienced in the Southeast Asian region during the YD event could have led to the decline of the total calcareous nannofossils whereas the recorded increase in CaCO3 (\%) is attributed to the high abundance of planktonic foraminifera during this interval.},
	keywords = {arabian sea, EAST-ASIAN MONSOON, GLOBAL YOUNGER-DRYAS, indian-ocean, last deglaciation, OCEANIC PRIMARY PRODUCTION, south china sea, surface sediments, UPWELLING SYSTEM, YR BP},
	issn = {03778398},
	doi = {10.1016/j.marmicro.2018.07.001},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0377839816301219https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0377839816301219?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0377839816301219?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Tangunan, Deborah N. and Peleo-Alampay, Alyssa M.}
}
@article {2437,
	title = {Biomass burning and oceanic primary production estimates in the Sulu Sea area over the last 380 kyr and the East Asian monsoon dynamics},
	journal = {Marine Geology},
	volume = {201},
	year = {2003},
	note = {Symposium on Asian Monsoons and Global Linkages on Milankovitch and Sub-Milankovitch Time ScalesMAY 09-11, 2001
BEIJING, PEOPLES R CHINA
70
},
	month = {Sep},
	pages = {53-65},
	abstract = {Coccolithophorid assemblages and micro-charcoal content were analysed in giant piston core MD97-2141 recovered in the Sulu Sea (Philippines). These proxies help to reconstruct respectively the dynamics of the oceanic primary production (PP) and biomass burning in that area. PP in the Sulu Sea intensifies during the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) and therefore PP constitutes a proxy for EAWM dynamics. Most of the precipitation in the Sulu Sea region occurs during the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM). Because the intensity of biomass burning is related to dryness of the surrounding area, the sedimentary micro-charcoal content can be used as an inverse proxy for EASM intensity. Our results show that the EAWM intensifies during glacial times in agreement with previous studies. Precessional forcing appears to act directly on EAWN because of the early response of PP in that frequency band. The micro-charcoal record exhibits complex dynamics, which we attribute to the competing influence of the long-term El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-like forcing and the glacial/interglacial cycle on EASM. These influences create an unusual frequency spectrum with power around 30 kyr and 19 kyr attributed to the non-linear response to the 100-kyr cycle (glacial) and the 23-kyr (ENSO) cycle. A factor of two increase in the amplitude of the micro-charcoal variability between 51 and 10 ka BP could correspond to Homo sapiens biomass burning in the style of the fire-stick farming of the Australian Aborigines. We also find, on precession cycles, an opposite phase between EASM and EAWM records and an advance of -delta(18)O and delta(18)O respectively by 2000 yr. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {arabian sea, atlantic, climatic-change, EARLY HOLOCENE, EQUATORIAL, fire, GLACIAL MAXIMUM, indian-ocean, late pleistocene, Late Quaternary, monsoon, nannoplankton, Pleistocene, SOUTH CHINA, Sulu Sea, WEST-JAVA},
	isbn = {0025-3227},
	doi = {10.1016/S0025-3227(03)00208-1},
	author = {Beaufort, L. and de Garidel-Thoron, T. and Linsley, B. and Oppo, D. and Buchet, N.}
}
@article {2096,
	title = {Inorganic carbon in the Indian Ocean: Distribution and dissolution processes},
	journal = {Global Biogeochemical Cycles},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2002},
	note = {643rkTimes Cited:50
Cited References Count:72
},
	month = {Oct-Nov},
	abstract = {This study uses nearly 25,000 carbon measurements from the WOCE/JGOFS global CO2 survey to examine the distribution of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA) in the Indian Ocean. Shallow and intermediate distributions of inorganic carbon do not strictly follow temperature and salinity because of differing surface gradients and vertical biological processes that work to modify the circulation derived features. Anthropogenic CO2 has increased the shallow DIC by as much as 3\%, decreasing the vertical DIC gradient. Deep ocean DIC and TA increase toward the north because of the decomposition and dissolution of organic and inorganic particles. Calcite saturation depths range from 2900-3900 m with the deepest saturation depth in the central Indian Ocean. Variations of aragonite saturation depth (200-1400 m) are similar to calcite, but the deepest saturations are in the southwestern Indian Ocean. The shallowest aragonite saturation depths are found in the Bay of Bengal. In the northern Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal, the current aragonite saturations are 100 and 200 m shallower, respectively, than in preindustrial times. Estimates of carbonate dissolution rates on isopycnal surfaces range from 0.017 to 0.083 mumol kg(-1) yr(-1) in deep waters. Upper water column dissolution rates range from 0 to 0.73 mumol kg(-1) yr(-1), with a local maximum occurring in intermediate waters just below the aragonite saturation horizon. Dissolution is also generally higher north of the Chemical Front at 10-20degreesS. There is some evidence for significant sedimentary sources in the northern Indian Ocean.},
	keywords = {alkalinity, anthropogenic co2, arabian sea, calcium carbonate, Carbon cycle, dioxide system, dissociation, indian ocean, pressure, saturation state, SEAWATER, Temperature, thermodynamics, total alkalinity, total co2, water},
	isbn = {0886-6236},
	doi = {10.1029/2002GB001869},
	author = {Sabine, C. L. and Key, R. M. and Feely, R. A. and Greeley, D.}
}
