@article {2691,
	title = {Holocene and Last Interglacial climate of the Faroe Islands from sedimentary plant wax hydrogen and carbon isotopes},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {223},
	year = {2019},
	month = {Jan-11-2019},
	pages = {105930},
	abstract = {The Last Interglacial period (LIG) is Earth{\textquoteright}s most recent globally warm period and is analogous in some ways to projected future global warming. However, questions remain regarding the state of the climate during the LIG in the North Atlantic, a region that is extremely sensitive to changes in oceanic and atmospheric circulation. Here, we present hydrogen and carbon isotope (δD and δ13C) records from a suite of plant wax biomarkers preserved in Holocene and LIG lacustrine sediments from the North Atlantic Faroe Islands and interpret them as qualitative proxies for temperature and hydroclimate variability. These data are used to directly compare LIG and Holocene climate using the same proxy approaches from the same terrestrial location. Measuring multiple isotopes on multiple types of waxes elucidates the sources of homologous plant waxes. We deduce that the δD values of long-chain n-alkanes (C27{\textendash}C33) and mid-chain n-alkanes (C23{\textendash}C25) in these sedimentary archives reflect leaf water and lake water δD values, respectively, while the δD values for both long-chain (C28{\textendash}C30) and mid-chain n-alkanoic acids (C24{\textendash}C26) primarily represent lake water δD values. Plant wax-inferred δD values of precipitation during the early Holocene (10,100 to 8,200  cal  yr BP) are \~{}35{\textperthousand} more positive than late Holocene values, and decline over the Holocene. δD-inferred hydrologic change and δ13C -inferred plant water use efficiency both indicate that the Faroe Islands became drier throughout the Holocene. Comparison with measurements from LIG plant waxes indicates that late LIG in the Faroe Islands was hydrologically similar to the early-to mid-Holocene (8,200 to 4,000  cal  yr BP), with enriched precipitation isotopes and reduced evapotranspiration indicating a warmer, wetter environment.},
	keywords = {Holocene, interglacial, North Atlantic, Organic geochemistry, paleoclimatology, Stable isotopes},
	issn = {02773791},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.105930},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379119304251},
	author = {Curtin, Lorelei and D{\textquoteright}Andrea, William J. and Balascio, Nicholas and Pugsley, Genevieve and de Wet, Gregory and Bradley, Raymond}
}
@article {2811,
	title = {Evidence for Stable Holocene Basin-Scale Overturning Circulation Despite Variable Currents Along the Deep Western Boundary of the North Atlantic Ocean},
	journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
	volume = {45},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Apr-12-2020},
	abstract = {While substantial changes in thermohaline circulation related to deglacial climate variability are well established, the role of this circulation in Holocene climate variability remains uncertain. Here we use two dynamical proxies, 231Pa/230Th ratios and mean sortable silt size ( urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl58406:grl58406-math-0001), to reconstruct Holocene bottom water circulation at the intermediate-depth Carolina Slope. We find no substantial change in deep current speed or 231Pa export at this site during the Holocene, suggesting consistent 231Pa export via the Deep Western Boundary Current. urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl58406:grl58406-math-0002 shows increasing millennial-scale variability in the middle-late Holocene, which may reflect Labrador Sea Water contribution to current speed. We conclude that deepwater export from the North Atlantic has remained remarkably stable during the Holocene, decoupled from changing rates of specific water masses, while production of these water masses varied at millennial to centennial time scales. The persistence of the large-scale overturning may reflect the ocean{\textquoteright}s stabilizing influence on Holocene climate.},
	keywords = {chemical tracers, interglacial, Radioactivity and radioisotopes, sedimentation (1861), thermohaline},
	issn = {0094-8276},
	doi = {10.1029/2018GL080187},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2018GL080187},
	author = {Hoffmann, Sharon S. and McManus, Jerry F. and Swank, Emerson}
}
@article {2015,
	title = {Episodic methane release events from Last Glacial marginal sediments in the western North Pacific},
	journal = {Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2004},
	note = {849mvTimes Cited:13
Cited References Count:73
},
	month = {Aug 19},
	pages = {1525-2027},
	abstract = {[1] According to recent observations of anomalous bottom-simulating reflections (BSR),the northwest Pacific marginal sediments around Japan main islands bear large abundances of methane hydrate [Satoh, 2002]. During the Last Glacial, direct and indirect evidence accumulated from geochemical data suggests that methane episodically released from hydrate trapped in the seafloor sediments [ Dickens et al., 1995; Hinrichs et al., 2003; Kennett et al., 2000]. Here we show that marginal sediments from the western North Pacific contain a hopanoid 17alpha( H), 21beta(H)-hop-22(29)-ene ( diploptene) derived from the activity of methanotrophic bacteria in water column and/or surface sediment during a warming period (Interstadial 3) in the Last Glacial. The carbon isotopic compositions of diploptene range between - 41.0parts per thousand and - 27.9parts per thousand ( relative to PDB). In the horizon indicative of a contribution of methanotrophic bacteria, foraminiferal isotope signals were also found with highly depleted C-13 compositions of planktonic foraminifera ( similar to - 1.9parts per thousand, PDB) and benthic foraminifera ( similar to - 0.8parts per thousand, PDB), suggesting indirect records of enhanced incorporation of C-13-depleted CO2 formed by methanotrophic process that use C-12-enriched methane as their main source of carbon. From combined isotopic data of molecular ( diploptene) and foraminifera, the most prominent signal of methane release was detected in the sediments deposited around 25.4 cal. kyr BP ( similar to 100 year time span), corresponding to the Interstadial 3. This is the first evidence of methane hydrate instability in the open western North Pacific during the Last Glacial. Considering the glacial-interglacial hydrographic conditions in this region, the instability of methane hydrate may be modulated by intermediate water warming and/or the lowering of sea level. Our results suggest that the western North Pacific marginal regions may be a profound effect on rapid global warming climate changes during the Last Glacial.},
	keywords = {atmospheric composition and structure : geochemical cycles, atmospheric methane, carbon isotopes, carbon isotopic fractionation, climate-change, cold seeps, diploptene, Foraminifera, gas-hydrate, geochemistry : isotopic composition/chemistry, geochemistry : organic geochemistry, hydrocarbons, interglacial, intermediate water, methane hydrate, santa-barbara basin, sea sediments, subduction zone, western north pacific},
	isbn = {1525-2027},
	doi = {10.1029/2004GC000699},
	url = {http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&amp;SrcAuth=Alerting\&amp;SrcApp=Alerting\&amp;DestApp=WOS\&amp;DestLinkType=FullRecord;UT=WOS:000223543700001},
	author = {Uchida, M. and Shibata, Y. and Ohkushi, K. and Ahagon, N. and Hoshiba, M.}
}
